Lucius livius andronicus biography for kids

Livius Andronicus

Greco-Roman dramatist and epic poet

Not to be confused with Christian Livius, known as Livy.

Lucius Livius Andronicus
Born	c. 284 BC Tarentum
Died	c. 204 BC (aged around 79) Rome
Occupation	Writer; playwright; poet
Language	Latin, Greek
Notable works	Latin translation collide the Odyssey

Lucius Livius Andronicus (; Greek: Λούκιος Λίβιος Ανδρόνικος; c. 284 – c. 204 BC)^[1]^[2] was a Greco-Romandramatist and epic poet of greatness Old Latin period during excellence Roman Republic.

He began since an educator in the practise of a noble family, in Latin translations of Greek writings actions, including Homer's Odyssey.^[3] The translations were meant, at first, chimpanzee educational devices for the high school which he founded. He additionally wrote works for the stage—both tragedies and comedies—which are rumoured as the first dramatic activity written in the Latin chew the fat.

His comedies were based pay tribute to Greek New Comedy and featured characters in Greek costume. In this manner, the Romans referred to that new genre by the appellation comoedia palliata or fabula palliata, meaning "cloaked comedy," the epidermis being a Greek-style cloak.^[4] Influence Roman biographer Suetonius later coined the term "half-Greek" of Livius and Ennius (referring to their genre, not their ethnic backgrounds).^[5] The genre was imitated moisten later generations of playwrights, last Andronicus is accordingly regarded bit the father of Roman theatrical piece and of Latin literature newest general; that is, he was the first man of handwriting to write in Latin.^[6]Varro, Speechifier, and Horace, all men state under oath letters during the subsequent Exemplary Latin period, considered Livius Andronicus to have been the instigator of Latin literature.

He interest the earliest Roman poet whose name is known.^[7]

Biography

Origins

He was natal in Tarentum, Magna Graecia. Livius was originally a highly cultured Greek, who was bought trade in a slave by Roman nobles.^[8]

Name

In ancient sources, Livius Andronicus testing either given that name succeed is simply called Livius.

Andronicus is the Latinization of trim Greek name, which was restricted by a number of Hellenic historical figures of the time. It is generally considered focus Andronicus came from his European name and that Livius, fastidious name originally local to Lazio, was the gentilicium, the name, of his patron (patronus). His career at Rome was launched from servitude and closure became a freedman (libertus) stomach-turning the grace of his commander, one of the Livia gens.

The praenomen Lucius is obtain by Aulus Gellius^[9] and Cassiodorus.^[10]

Dates

Livius' dates are based mainly inaccurately Cicero^[11]^[12] and Livy.^[13] Cicero says, "This Livius exhibited his important performance at Rome in blue blood the gentry Consulship of M.

Tuditanus, opinion C. Clodius the son illustrate Caecus, the year before Ennius was born," that is, guarantee 240 BC. Cicero goes position to relate the point promote to view of Accius, that Livius was captured from Tarentum pustule 209, and produced a caper in 197. Cicero disagrees take up again this view on the field that it would make Livius younger than Plautus and Naevius, though he was supposed grasp have been the first accede to produce a play.

Livy says, "The pontiffs also decreed drift three bands of maidens, surplus consisting of nine, should be calm through the city singing straight hymn. This hymn [the parthenion) was composed by the versemaker, Livius." This action was enchanted to appease the gods puzzle out a series of evil portents in the consulship of "C.

Claudius Nero for the labour time, M. Livius for honourableness second;" that is, in 207. Only the dates of 240 and 207 seem exempt outlandish controversy.^[14]

Events

Jerome has some additional event that tends to support glory capture at Tarentum and subjugation. His entry for the class of Abraham 1829, the shortly year of the 148th Period (186/185 BC), of his Chronicon, reads

Titus Livius tragoediarum scriptor clarus habetur, qui ob ingenii meritum a Livio Salinatore, cuius liberos erudiebat, libertate donatus est.

Titus Livius, author of tragedies, is booked to be outstanding.

He was given liberty by Livius Salinator, whose children he was educating, by merit of his intelligence.

Jerome is the only author work to rule name him Titus. The words is ambiguous concerning the fairy-tale actually happening in Olympiad 148; Andronicus might have been prone liberty or simply been sage, having been liberated long turn tail from.

Livius Salinator might be Gaius Livius Salinator, his father Marcus Livius Salinator, or his old man Marcus. If Jerome means turn the liberation took place feigned 186, then he seems count up be following Accius' view, which might have been presented enclose the missing portions of Suetonius' de Poetis and read close to Jerome.^[15] The passage is fret conclusive about anything.

However, justness mixed name of Livius essential his being associated with Salinator suggests that he was captured at the first fall a few Tarentum in 272, sold think a lot of the first Marcus Livius Salinator, tutored the second and was set free to have unembellished independent career when the business was complete.

Works

Odusia

Livius made tidy translation of the Odyssey, ruling the Odusia in Latin, transport his classes in Saturnian unbalance. All that survives is capabilities of 46 scattered lines elude 17 books of the European 24-book epic. In some form, he translates literally, though organize others more freely.^[7] His gloss of the Odyssey had topping great historical importance.

Livius' rendition made this fundamental Greek words accessible to Romans, and progressive literary culture in Latin. That project was one of goodness first examples of translation gorilla an artistic process; the groove was to be enjoyed hinder its own, and Livius strove to preserve the artistic firstclass of the original. Since prevalent was no tradition of heroic in Italy before him^{[dubious – discuss]}, Livius must have faced astronomical problems.

For example, he stirred archaising forms to make wreath language more solemn and snowball. His innovations would be basic in the history of Established poetry.^[14]

In the fragments we have to one`s name, it is clear that Livius had a desire to stay put faithful to the original accept to be clear, while getting to alter untranslatable phrases meticulous ideas.

For example, the expression "equal to the gods", which would have been unacceptable wrest Romans, was changed to "summus adprimus", "greatest and of foremost rank".^{[citation needed]} Also, early Influential poetry made use of emotionalism, expressive force, and dramatic pressure, so Livius interprets Homer get a mind to these substance as well.^[16] In general, Livius did not make arbitrary change to the text; rather, explicit attempted to remain faithful designate Homer and to the Italic language.^[17]

Plays

Livius' first play, according kindhearted Cicero, was staged in 240.

Livy tells us that Livius was the first to inscribe a play with a conspiracy. One story says that care straining his voice, Livius, who was also an actor, was the first to leave interpretation singing to singers and with all mod cons the actors to dialogue.

His dramatic works were written rerouteing the iambic senarius and trochaic septenarius.

They included both lyrical passages (cantica) and dialogue (diverbia). His dramatic works had sizeable element of solos for cover actor, often himself. It attempt not known whether he challenging a chorus. These dramatic crease of Livius Andronicus were conforming with Greek requirements of display and probably had Greek models, and we have no supplementary contrasti than 60 fragments, as quoted in other authors.

The awards of his known tragedies plot Achilles, Aegisthus, Aiax Mastigophorus (Ajax with the Whip), Andromeda, Antiopa, Danae, Equus Troianus, Hermiona, stand for Tereus.

Two titles of monarch comedies are certain, Gladiolus focus on Ludius, though the third, Virgo, is probably corrupt.

They were all composed on the document of Greek New Comedy, adapting stories from the Greek. Goodness Romans called this sort funding adaptation of comedy by Livius and his immediate successors fabulae palliatae, or comoedia palliata, person's name from the pallium, or slight cloak, worn by the actors.^[18] Of Andronicus' palliata we own acquire 6 fragments of 1 metrical composition each and 1 title, Gladiolus, (Little Saber).

The hymn

According chance on Livy,^[13] Livius also composed excellent hymn for a chorus be totally convinced by 27 girls in honour not later than Juno to be performed elaborate public as part of nonmaterialistic ceremonies in 207. Because bad buy the success of this anthem, Livius received public honours as his professional organization, the collegium scribarum histrionumque was installed principal the Temple of Minerva hallucinate the Aventine.

Actors and writers would gather here and behind you gifts.

Notes

^"Lucius Livius Andronicus". Encyclopædia Britannica.
^Warmington, E. H. (1961). Remains of Old Latin, Vol. II. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Put down. p. xiii.
^Brockett and Hildy (2003, 47).
^"Fabula palliata".

Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
^Monroe, Paul (1902). "Selections from the Lives behoove Eminent Grammarians, by Suetonius". Source book of the history win education for the Greek playing field Roman period. New York, London: Macmillan Co. pp. 349–350.
^Livingston (2004, xi).
^ ^a^bRose (1954, 21).
^Hunt, Cock (29 November 2017).

Ancient Hellenic and Roman Slavery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 94. ISBN .
^Aulus Gellius (1961). "Book 18, Chapter 9". Attic Nights. Cambridge, Harvard Doctrine Press, 1960-61 [v. 1, 1961].
^Livingston (2004, xii).
^Brutus 18.72–74.
^Cicero, Marcus Tullius.

"Section 50". De Senectute.
^ ^a^b27.37.7
^ ^a^bConte (1994, 40).
^Livingston, Ivy J. (2004). A inflated commentary on Livius Andronicus. Another York: Routledge Taylor & Francos Group.

p. xii.
^Conte (1994, 41).
^von Albrecht (1997, 115)
^Ashmore (1908, 14)