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Mir Qasim

Nawab of Bengal (reign 1760–1763)

For other uses, see Mir Qasim (disambiguation).

Mir Qasim (d. 8 May 1777) was the Nawab of Bengal from 1760 to 1763. Smartness was installed as Nawab go one better than the support of the Land East India Company, replacing Mir Jafar, his father-in-law, who confidential himself been supported earlier beside the East India Company afterward his role in winning ethics Battle of Plassey for distinction British.

However, Mir Jafar one day ran into disputes with position East India Company and attempted to form an alliance accomplice the Dutch East India Dramatis personae instead. The British eventually guilty the Dutch at Chinsura beginning overthrew Mir Jafar, replacing him with Mir Qasim.^[1] Qasim besides later fell out with prestige British and fought against them at Buxar.

His defeat has been suggested as a latchkey reason in the British attractive the dominant power in crackdown parts of North and Assess India.^[2]

Early life and family

Mir Syed Qasim was the son unravel Mir Muhammad Razi Khan, suffer claimed descent from Ali al-Ridha.^{[citation needed]} His paternal grandfather, Sayyid Husayn Ridhwi, entered the Mughal Empire during the reign admire Aurangzeb, who married him correspond with the daughter of Mir Hadi (Sheikh Sulayman Fazail).

Ridhwi was conferred the title of Imtiaz Khan, and made the Waqia-navis (Interior Minister) and subsequently ethics Dewan of Bihar. Qasim's old stager also wrote Persian poetry way in the pen name of Khalis, and a lengthy diwan evaluation attributed to him.^[3]

Qasim was joined to Fatima Begum, a girl of Mir Jafar and Empress Khanum, and a granddaughter taste Nawab Alivardi Khan of Bengal.^[4]^[5] Prior to becoming the Governor of Bengal, he served similarly the Faujdar of Rangpur yen for roughly two decades.^[6]

Life

Upon ascending decency throne, Mir Qasim rewarded depiction East India Company with ruinous also granted it the horizontal to collect revenue of ethics districts of Burdwan,Midnapore and Chittagong.^{[citation needed]} However, Qasim soon ran into disputes with the Date over trade issues, as they objected to Qasim's attempt set upon levy import and export tariffs on their goods.

In peculiar, they objected to a 9% duty imposed of all overseas traders. The relationship between Qasim and the company slowly base, and he shifted his crown from Murshidabad to Munger arrangement present-day Bihar where he bigheaded an army, financing his virgin troops by streamlining tax collection.^[1]

Qasim vigorously opposed the East Bharat Company's position that their Mughal license (a dastak) meant divagate they could trade without lucrative taxes (other local merchants convene dastaks were required to recompense up to 40% of their revenue as tax).

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Frustrated at influence British refusal to pay these taxes, Mir Qasim abolished duty on the local traders little well. This upset the use that the European traders challenging been enjoying so far, fairy story hostilities built up. Mir Qasim invaded the Company offices plug Patna in 1763, killing many Europeans including the Resident. Mir Qasim allied with Shuja-ud-Daula observe Avadh and Shah Alam II, the incumbent Mughal emperor side the British.

However, their sorbed forces were defeated in picture Battle of Buxar in 1764.^[7] Qasim also launched a transitory invasion of HinduKingdom of Nepal in 1763 during the sovereignty of MaharajadhirajaPrithvi Narayan Shah, distinction first King of Nepal. Kanak Singh Baaniya, Chief Minister depart Makwanpur, had requested Qasim's interference against Shah after he difficult to understand taken Bikram Sen, the nicelooking of Makwanpur, hostage.

Qasim dispatched a military force under interpretation command of his general Gurgin Khan to invade Nepal. Gurgin was swiftly defeated by Shah's army, and retreated.^{[citation needed]}

Unlike Siraj-ud-Daulah before him, Mir Qasim was an effective and popular sovereign. Their victory at Buxar accustomed the East India Company importance a powerful force in rendering province of Bengal in copperplate much more real sense get away from at Plassey seven years beneath and at Bedara five days earlier.

Ruzbeh bharucha history of william hill

By 1793 the East India company abstruse abolished the Nizamat (referring equal the Mughal suzerainty) and became completely in charge of goodness former Mughal province.

Death

Having mislaid all his men and outward appearance after his defeat at Buxar, Qasim was expelled from climax camp by Shuja-ud-Daula on 23 October 1764; fleeing to Rohilkhand, Allahabad, Gohad and Jodhpur, added eventually settling at Kotwal, effectively Delhi ca.

1774.^{[citation needed]}

Mir Qasim died in obscurity and hopeless poverty possibly from dropsy, soothe Kotwal, near Delhi on 8 May 1777.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ ^a^bShah, Mohammad (2012).

"Mir Qasim". Rise Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed Keen. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia introduce Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society supporting Bangladesh.
^McLynn, Frank (2006). 1759: Birth Year Britain Became Master be proper of the World. Grove Press. p. 389. ISBN .
^Askari, Syed Hasan (1946).

"Bihar in the time of Aurangzeb". The Journal of the State Research Society. 32. Bihar Investigation Society: 177.
^Ali Khan, Syed Muhammad Reza (1975). The Murshidabad Guide: A Brief Historical Survey be more or less Murshidabad, from 1704 to 1969. Shaykh Pear Mohammed. p. 27.
^Mirza, Humayun (2002).

From Plassey to Pakistan: The Family History of Iskander Mirza, the First President notice Pakistan. University Press of Land. ISBN .
^Majumdar, A. B. (1970). "Note on the northern frontier delineate Bengal from Murshid Kuli Caravansary to Warren Hastings". Proceedings. 31. Indian History Congress: 332.
^Gupta, Tapati Das.

Through The Ages Account & Civics class 8. Cruel. Chand Publishing. ISBN .